Cephalopods are often hard to determinate, also because most Cephalopods posses the ability to change color. They do that by their Chromatophores, pigment-containing and light-reflecting cells, also found in amphibians, fish, reptiles, crustaceans. Sometimes the flash of a strobe makes them change color instantly. Next to that, a lot of Cephalopods, especially squid and cuttlefish, also use Bioluminescence produced by bacterial symbionts.
Abdopus aculeatus Algae octopus Cebu, Philippines 2007 |
Abdopus aculeatus Algae octopus Ambon, Indonesia 2010 |
Abdopus aculeatus Algae octopus Ambon, Indonesia 2010 |
Abdopus aculeatus Algae octopus Cebu, Philippines 2007 |
Abdopus aculeatus Algae octopus Cebu, Philippines 2007 |
Abdopus aculeatus Algae octopus Romblon, the Philippines 2017 |
Amphioctopus marginatus Veined octopus Lembeh, Indonesia 2006 |
Amphioctopus marginatus Veined octopus Lembeh, Indonesia 2006 |
Amphioctopus marginatus Veined octopus Lembeh, Indonesia 2006 | |
Amphioctopus marginatus Veined octopus in beer bottle Lembeh, Indonesia 2008 |
Amphioctopus marginatus Veined octopus Lembeh, Indonesia 2008 |
Amphioctopus marginatus Veined octopus Lembeh, Indonesia 2008 |
Amphioctopus marginatus Veined octopus Lembeh, Indonesia 2008 |
Amphioctopus marginatus Veined octopus Bali, Indonesia 2009 |
Amphioctopus marginatus Veined octopus Bali, Indonesia 2009 |
Amphioctopus marginatus Veined octopus Bali, Indonesia 2009 |
Amphioctopus marginatus Veined octopus Bali, Indonesia 2009 |
Amphioctopus marginatus Veined octopus Bali, Indonesia 2009 |
Amphioctopus marginatus Veined octopus Ambon, Indonesia 2010 |
Amphioctopus marginatus Veined octopus Ambon, Indonesia 2010 |
Amphioctopus marginatus Veined octopus Negros, Philippines 2012 |
Amphioctopus marginatus Veined octopus Negros, Philippines, 2012 |
Amphioctopus marginatus maybe juvenile Veined octopus Halmahera, Indonesia 2014 |
Amphioctopus marginatus 1 Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Anilao , the Philippines 2015 |
Amphioctopus marginatus 2 Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Anilao , the Philippines 2015 |
Amphioctopus marginatus 3 Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Anilao, the Philippines 2015 |
Amphioctopus marginatus 4 Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Anilao , the Philippines 2015 |
Amphioctopus marginatus 5 Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Anilao , the Philippines 2015 |
Amphioctopus marginatus 1 Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Anilao, the Philippines 2015 |
Amphioctopus marginatus 2 Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Anilao, the Philippines 2015 |
Amphioctopus marginatus 3 Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Anilao, the Philippines 2015 |
Amphioctopus marginatus 1 Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Anilao, the Philippines 2015 |
Amphioctopus marginatus 2 Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Anilao, the Philippines 2015 |
Amphioctopus marginatus 1 Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Anilao, the Philippines 2015 |
Amphioctopus marginatus 2 Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Anilao, the Philippines 2015 |
Amphioctopus marginatus 3 Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Anilao, the Philippines 2015 |
Amphioctopus marginatus Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Anilao, the Philippines 2015 |
Amphioctopus marginatus Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Anilao, the Philippines 2015 |
Amphioctopus marginatus 1 Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Anilao, the Philippines 2015 |
Amphioctopus marginatus 2 Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Anilao, the Philippines 2015 |
Amphioctopus marginatus 3 Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Anilao, the Philippines 2015 |
Amphioctopus marginatus 4 Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Anilao, the Philippines 2015 |
Amphioctopus marginatus Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Anilao, the Philippines 2015 |
Amphioctopus marginatus Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Anilao, the Philippines 2015 |
Amphioctopus marginatus Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Anilao, the Philippines 2015 |
Amphioctopus marginatus Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Anilao, the Philippines 2015 |
Amphioctopus marginatus Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Romblon, the Philippines 2017 |
Amphioctopus marginatus Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Romblon, the Philippines 2017 |
Amphioctopus marginatus Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Romblon, the Philippines 2017 |
Amphioctopus marginatus Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Romblon, the Philippines 2017 |
Amphioctopus marginatus Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Romblon, the Philippines 2017 |
Amphioctopus marginatus Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Romblon, the Philippines 2017 |
Amphioctopus marginatus Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Romblon, the Philippines 2017 |
Amphioctopus marginatus 1 Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Romblon, the Philippines 2017 |
Amphioctopus marginatus 2 Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Romblon, the Philippines 2017 |
Amphioctopus marginatus 3 Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Romblon, the Philippines 2017 |
Amphioctopus marginatus Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Romblon, the Philippines 2017 |
Amphioctopus marginatus Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Lembeh, Indonesia 2022 |
Amphioctopus marginatus Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Lembeh, Indonesia 2022 |
Amphioctopus marginatus Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Lembeh, Indonesia 2022 |
Amphioctopus marginatus Veined octopus or Coconut octopus Lembeh, Indonesia 2022 |
Callistoctopus bunurong Southern white spot octopus South Australia 2018 |
Callistoctopus bunurong Southern white spot octopus South Australia 2018 | |
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Callistoctopus luteus 1 Starry night octopus Lembeh, Indonesia 2002 |
Callistoctopus luteus 2 Starry night octopus Lembeh, Indonesia 2002 |
Callistoctopus luteus Starry night octopus Manado, Indonesia 2002 |
Callistoctopus luteus 1 Starry night octopus Ambon, Indonesia 2010 |
Callistoctopus luteus 2 Starry night octopus Ambon, Indonesia 2010 |
Callistoctopus luteus 1 Starry night octopus Ambon, Indonesia 2010 |
Callistoctopus luteus 2 Starry night octopus Ambon, Indonesia 2010 |
Callistoctopus luteus 3 Starry night octopus Ambon, Indonesia 2010 |
Callistoctopus luteus Starry night octopus Lembeh, Indonesia 2010 |
Callistoctopus luteus 1 Starry night octopus Lembeh, Indonesia 2014 |
Callistoctopus luteus 2 Starry night octopus Lembeh, Indonesia 2014 |
Callistoctopus luteus 3 Starry night octopus Lembeh, Indonesia 2014 |
Callistoctopus luteus 4 Starry night octopus Lembeh, Indonesia 2014 |
Callistoctopus luteus 1 Starry night octopus Bangka, Indonesia 2017 |
Callistoctopus luteus 2 Starry night octopus Bangka, Indonesia 2017 |
Callistoctopus luteus Starry night octopus Anda, the Philippines 2018 |
Callistoctopus luteus Starry night octopus Lembeh, Indonesia 2022 |
Callistoctopus macropus White spotted octopus Caribbean, Bonaire 2021 | |
Callistoctopus sp. 1 undetermined octopus Bali, Indonesia 2016 |
Callistoctopus sp. 2 undetermined octopus Bali, Indonesia 2016 |
probably juvenile Callistoctopus sp. ? Western Australia 2020 |
Hapalochlaena lunulata 1 Greater blue-ringed octopus Bali, Indonesia 2016 | |
Hapalochlaena lunulata 2 Greater blue-ringed octopus Bali, Indonesia 2016 |
Hapalochlaena lunulata 1 Greater blue-ringed octopus Bali, Indonesia 2016 |
Hapalochlaena lunulata 2 Greater blue-ringed octopus Bali, Indonesia 2016 |
Hapalochlaena lunulata 3 Greater blue-ringed octopus Bali, Indonesia 2016 |
Hapalochlaena lunulata 1 Greater blue-ringed octopus, juvenile Anda, the Philippines 2018 |
Hapalochlaena lunulata 2 Greater blue-ringed octopus, juvenile Anda, the Philippines 2018 |
Hapalochlaena lunulata 1 Greater blue-ringed octopus Lembeh, Indonesia 2022 |
Hapalochlaena lunulata 2 Greater blue-ringed octopus Lembeh, Indonesia 2022 |
Hapalochlaena maculosa Southern blue-ringed octopus South Australia 2018 | |
Hapalochlaena maculosa 1 Southern blue-ringed octopus South Australia 2018 |
Hapalochlaena maculosa 2 Southern blue-ringed octopus South Australia 2018 |
Hapalochlaena maculosa Southern blue-ringed octopus South Australia 2018 |
Hapalochlaena maculosa Southern blue-ringed octopus South Australia 2018 |
Hapalochlaena maculosa Southern blue-ringed octopus South Australia 2018 |
Hapalochlaena maculosa Southern blue-ringed octopus South Australia 2018 |
Hapalochlaena maculosa 1 Southern blue-ringed octopus South Australia 2018 |
Hapalochlaena maculosa 2 Southern blue-ringed octopus South Australia 2018 |
Hapalochlaena maculosa 3 Southern blue-ringed octopus South Australia 2018 |
Hapalochlaena maculosa 4 Southern blue-ringed octopus South Australia 2018 |
Hapalochlaena maculosa 1 Southern blue-ringed octopus Western Australia 2020 |
Hapalochlaena maculosa 2 Southern blue-ringed octopus Western Australia 2020 |
Hapalochlaena maculosa Southern blue-ringed octopus Western Australia 2020 |
Hapalochlaena maculosa, mating Southern blue-ringed octopus 1 Western Australia 2020 |
Hapalochlaena maculosa, mating Southern blue-ringed octopus 2 Western Australia 2020 |
Hapalochlaena maculosa Southern blue-ringed octopus Western Australia 2020 |
Hapalochlaena maculosa Southern blue-ringed octopus Western Australia 2020 |
Hapalochlaena sp. 1 blue-ringed octopus Halmahera, Indonesia 2014 |
Hapalochlaena sp. 2 blue-ringed octopus Halmahera, Indonesia 2014 |
Hapalochlaena sp. 3 blue-ringed octopus Halmahera, Indonesia 2014 |
Hapalochlaena sp. 4 blue-ringed octopus Halmahera, Indonesia 2014 |
Macroctopus maorum 1 Maori octopus Australia, Victoria 2018 |
Macroctopus maorum 2 Maori octopus Australia, Victoria 2018 |
Macroctopus maorum Maori octopus Australia, Victoria 2018 | |
possibly Octopus australis 1 Hammer octopus South Australia 2018 |
possibly Octopus australis 2 Hammer octopus South Australia 2018 |
Octopus berrima Southern keeled octopus Australia, Victoria 2018 |
Octopus berrima Southern keeled octopus Australia, Victoria 2018 | |
Octopus berrima Southern keeled octopus Australia, Victoria 2018 |
Octopus berrima Southern keeled octopus South Australia 2018 |
Octopus berrima 1 Southern keeled octopus South Australia 2018 |
Octopus berrima 2 Southern keeled octopus South Australia 2018 | |
Octopus briareus Caribbean reef octopus Caribbean, Bonaire 2013 |
Octopus briareus Caribbean reef octopus Caribbean, Bonaire 2013 |
Octopus briareus Caribbean reef octopus Caribbean, Bonaire 2013 |
Octopus briareus Caribbean reef octopus Caribbean, Bonaire 2013 |
Octopus briareus Caribbean reef octopus Caribbean, Bonaire 2013 |
Octopus briareus Caribbean reef octopus Caribbean, Bonaire 2013 |
Octopus briareus Caribbean reef octopus Caribbean, Bonaire 2013 |
Octopus briareus Caribbean reef octopus Caribbean, Bonaire 2013 |
Octopus briareus Caribbean reef octopus Caribbean, Bonaire 2013 |
Octopus briareus Caribbean reef octopus Caribbean, Bonaire 2013 |
Octopus briareus Caribbean reef octopus Caribbean, Bonaire 2013 |
Octopus briareus Caribbean reef octopus Caribbean, Bonaire 2013 |
Octopus briareus Caribbean reef octopus Caribbean, Bonaire 2013 |
Octopus briareus Caribbean reef octopus Caribbean, Bonaire 2013 |
Octopus briareus Caribbean reef octopus Caribbean, Bonaire 2013 |
Octopus briareus Caribbean reef octopus Caribbean, Bonaire 2013 |
Octopus briareus Caribbean reef octopus Caribbean, Bonaire 2013 |
Octopus briareus Caribbean reef octopus Caribbean, Bonaire 2021 |
Octopus briareus Caribbean reef octopus Caribbean, Bonaire 2021 |
Octopus briareus Caribbean reef octopus Caribbean, Bonaire 2021 |
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Octopus cyanea Day octopus Kapalai, Malaysia 2003 |
Octopus cyanea Day octopus Gili Islands, Lombok, Indonesia 2009 |
Octopus cyanea Day octopus Bali, Indonesia 2009 |
Octopus cyanea Day octopus Bali, Indonesia 2009 |
 Octopus cyanea Day octopus Ambon, Indonesia 2010 |
Octopus cyanea Day octopus Bali, Indonesia 2011 |
Octopus cyanea Day octopus Cebu, Philippines 2012 |
Octopus cyanea Big red octopus Marsa alam, Egypt 2012 |
Octopus cyanea Day octopus Lembeh, Indonesia 2014 |
Octopus cyanea Day octopus Raja ampat, Indonesia 2014 |
probably Octopus cyanea Day octopus Raja ampat, Indonesia 2014 |
probably Octopus cyanea Day octopus Raja ampat, Indonesia 2014 |
probably Octopus cyanea Day octopus Raja ampat, Indonesia 2014 |
Octopus cyanea Big blue octopus or Day octopus Romblon, the Philippines 2017 |
probably Octopus cyanea Day octopus Philippines, Anda 2018 |
Octopus tetricus Gloomy octopus Western Australia 2020 |
Octopus tetricus Gloomy octopus Western Australia 2020 |
Octopus tetricus Gloomy octopus Western Australia 2020 | |
Octopus tetricus Gloomy octopus Western Australia 2020 |
Octopus tetricus Gloomy octopus Western Australia 2020 |
Octopus tetricus Gloomy octopus Western Australia 2020 |
Octopus tetricus Gloomy octopus Western Australia 2020 |
Octopus tetricus Gloomy octopus Western Australia 2020 |
Octopus tetricus Gloomy octopus Western Australia 2020 |
Octopus tetricus Gloomy octopus Western Australia 2020 |
Octopus tetricus Gloomy octopus Western Australia 2020
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Octopus kaurna Southern sand octopus Australia, Victoria 2018 |
Octopus vulgaris Common octopus Caribbean, Bonaire 2013 |
Octopus vulgaris Common octopus Caribbean, Bonaire 2013 |
Octopus vulgaris Common octopus Caribbean, Bonaire 2013 |
Octopus vulgaris Common octopus Caribbean, Bonaire 2021 | |
Octopus wolfi 1 Wolf's or starsucker pygmy octopus Cebu, Philippines 2012 |
Octopus wolfi 2 Wolf's or starsucker pygmy octopus Cebu, Philippines 2012 |
Octopus wolfi 3 Wolf's or starsucker pygmy octopus Cebu, Philippines 2012 |
Octopus wolfi 4 Wolf's or starsucker pygmy octopus Cebu, Philippines 2012 |
probably Octopus wolfi Wolf's or Starsucker pygmy octopus Philippines, Anda 2018 |
Octopus sp. White 'V' octopus Bali, Indonesia 2009 |
Octopus sp. White 'V' octopus Bali, Indonesia 2009 |
Octopus sp. White V or Longarmed octopus Ambon, Indonesia 2010 |
Octopus sp. White V or Longarmed octopus Ambon, Indonesia 2010 |
Octopus sp. White V or Longarmed octopus Ambon, Indonesia 2010 |
Octopus sp. White V octopus Lembeh, Indonesia 2010 |
Octopus sp. 1 White V octopus Lembeh, Indonesia 2022 |
Octopus sp. 2 White V octopus Lembeh, Indonesia 2022 |
Octopus sp. ? Deep south, Egypt 2004 | |
Octopus sp. unidentified bentic octopus Halmahera, Indonesia 2010 |
Octopus sp. unidentified bentic octopus Lembeh, Indonesia 2010 |
Octopus sp. small unidentified octopus Lembeh, Indonesia 2010 |
Octopus sp. juvenile (?) unidentified octopus Negros, Philippines 2012 |
Octopus sp. 1 Longarmed octopus Lembeh, Indonesia 2014 |
Octopus sp. 2 Longarmed octopus Lembeh, Indonesia 2014 |
Octopus sp. undetermined octopus Lembeh, Indonesia 2014 |
Octopus sp. 1 White V octopus Lembeh, Indonesia 2014 |
Octopus sp. 2 White V octopus Lembeh, Indonesia 2014 |
Octopus sp. ? Anda, the Philippines 2018 |
Octopus sp. ? Philippines, Anda 2018 |
Octopus sp. ? Philippines, Anda 2018 |
Octopus sp. ? Western Australia 2020 |
Octopus sp. Hairy octopus Lembeh, Indonesia 2022 | |
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Thaumoctopus mimicus Mimic octopus Bali, Indonesia 2009 |
Thaumoctopus mimicus Mimic octopus Bali, Indonesia 2009 |
Thaumoctopus mimicus Mimic octopus Bali, Indonesia 2009 |
Thaumoctopus mimicus Mimic octopus Bali, Indonesia 2009 |
Thaumoctopus mimicus Mimic octopus Bali, Indonesia 2009 |
Thaumoctopus mimicus Mimic octopus Ambon, Indonesia 2010 |
Thaumoctopus mimicus Mimic octopus Ambon, Indonesia 2010 |
Thaumoctopus mimicus Mimic octopus Ambon, Indonesia 2010 |
Thaumoctopus mimicus Mimic octopus Ambon, Indonesia 2010 |
Thaumoctopus mimicus Mimic octopus Ambon, Indonesia 2010 |
Thaumoctopus mimicus Mimic octopus Ambon, Indonesia 2010 |
Thaumoctopus mimicus 1 Mimic octopus Bali, Indonesia 2016 |
Thaumoctopus mimicus 2 Mimic octopus Bali, Indonesia 2016 |
Thaumoctopus mimicus Mimic octopus Bali, Indonesia 2016 |
Thaumoctopus mimicus Mimic octopus Anda, the Philippines 2018 |
Wunderpus photogenicus Wunderpus Lembeh, Indonesia 2008 |
Wunderpus photogenicus Wunderpus Lembeh, Indonesia 2008 |
Wunderpus photogenicus Wunderpus Ambon, Indonesia 2010 | |
Wunderpus photogenicus Wunderpus Ambon, Indonesia 2010 |
Wunderpus photogenicus Wunderpus Ambon, Indonesia 2010 |
Wunderpus photogenicus Wunderpus Lembeh, Indonesia 2010 |
Wunderpus photogenicus Wunderpus Lembeh, Indonesia 2010 |
Wunderpus photogenicus Wunderpus Lembeh, Indonesia 2010 |
Wunderpus photogenicus Wunderpus Bali, Indonesia 2011 |
Wunderpus photogenicus Wunderpus Bali, Indonesia 2011 |
Wunderpus photogenicus Wunderpus Bali, Indonesia 2011 |
Wunderpus photogenicus Wunderpus Lembeh, Indonesia 2014 |
Wunderpus photogenicus Wunderpus Lembeh, Indonesia 2014 |
Wunderpus photogenicus Wunderpus Lembeh, Indonesia 2014 |
Wunderpus photogenicus Wunderpus Lembeh, Indonesia 2014 |
Wunderpus photogenicus Wunderpus Lembeh, Indonesia 2014 |
Wunderpus photogenicus Wunderpus Anda, the Philippines 2018 |
Wunderpus photogenicus Wunderpus Negros, the Philippines 2019 |